Psychological needs and emotional well-being in older and younger Koreans and Americans

This study tested the relevance of ten psychological needs in emotional well-being among older and younger adults in two cultures (the US and South Korea). Participants were asked to recall their ‘‘most satisfying event’’ for the past month, and then were asked to evaluate the relevance of ten psychological needs to that event. Results indicated that both age and cultural groups generally emphasized the importance of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, as proposed by self-determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 1991). There were, however, some cultural variations. For Americans, self-esteem was the most important need for both young and old age groups. For Koreans, autonomy was the most salient need for young adults, whereas selfactualizing-meaning and popularity-influence were the most important needs for older adults. 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.